Nostradamus biography wikipedia

The academics [ 36 ] [ 62 ] [ 66 ] [ 67 ] revealed that not one of the claims just listed was backed up by any known contemporary documentary evidence. Most of them had evidently been based on unsourced rumours relayed as fact by much later commentators, such as JaubertGuynaud and Bareste ; on modern misunderstandings of the 16th-century French texts; or on pure invention.

Even the often-advanced suggestion that quatrain I. Skeptics such as James Randi suggest that his nostradamus biography wikipedia as a prophet is largely manufactured by modern-day supporters who fit his words to events that have either already occurred or are so imminent as to be inevitable, a process sometimes known as "retroactive clairvoyance" postdiction.

No Nostradamus quatrain is known to have been interpreted as predicting a specific event before it occurred, other than in vague, general terms that could equally apply to any number of other events. Additionally, scholars have pointed out that almost all English translations of Nostradamus's quatrains are of extremely poor quality: they seem to display little or no knowledge of 16th-century French, are tendentiousand are sometimes intentionally altered in order to make them fit whatever events to which the translator believed they were supposed to refer or vice versa.

Even Leoni accepted on page that he had never seen an original edition, and on earlier pages, he indicated that much of his biographical material was unsourced. None of this research and criticism was originally known to most of the English-language commentators, by dint of the dates when they were writing and, to some extent, the language in which it was written.

Meanwhile, some of the more recent sources listed Lemesurier, Gruber, Wilson have been particularly scathing about later attempts by some lesser-known authors and Internet enthusiasts to extract alleged hidden meanings from the texts, whether with the aid of anagrams, numerical codes, graphs or otherwise. An additional indictment is found in a connection to Nazi propaganda.

Goebbels reportedly adduced some of Nostradamus' work to be Third Reich references. This allegedly was done to make it look like the 1,year triumphant reign of the German people that was expected under Nazism had been prophesied by Nostradamus. In particular, a line referring to "that people which stands under the sign of the crooked cross" was added as an allusion to the German people standing under the Nazi flag with its swastika.

Goebbels reportedly had that line inserted into leather bound original volumes of Nostradamus' work, volumes that were then seeded in libraries across Nazi-occupied Europe so that the line would seem credible. The prophecies retold and expanded by Nostradamus figured largely in popular culture in the 20th and 21st centuries. As well as being the subject of hundreds of books both fiction and nonfictionNostradamus' life has been depicted in several films and videos, and his life and writings continue to be a subject of media interest.

Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikisource Wikidata item. This is the latest accepted revisionreviewed on 8 January French seer and astrologer — For other uses, see Nostradamus disambiguation. Portrait by his son Cesar, c.

Salon-de-ProvenceProvence, Kingdom of France. Physician apothecary author translator astrological consultant. Main articles. Anomalous experiences Apparitional experiences Empath False awakening Hypnosis Ideomotor phenomenon Out-of-body experiences Parapsychology Synchronicity. Life [ edit ]. Childhood [ edit ]. Student years [ edit ]. Marriage and healing work [ edit ].

Occultism [ edit ]. Final years and death [ edit ]. Works [ edit ].

Nostradamus biography wikipedia

Origins of The Prophecies [ edit ]. Interpretations [ edit ]. Content of the quatrains [ edit ]. Popular claims [ edit ]. Nostradamus's supporters have retrospectively claimed that he predicted major world events, including the Great Fire of Londonthe French Revolution, the rises of Napoleon Bonaparte and Adolf Hitlerthe atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasakiand the September 11 attacks.

Scholarly rebuttal [ edit ]. In popular culture [ edit ]. Main article: Nostradamus in popular culture. See also [ edit ]. Notes [ edit ]. More were later added, amounting to in an omnibus edition published after his death organized into ten "Centuries", each one containing one hundred quatrains, except for Century VII, which, for unknown reasons, only contains forty-two; the other fifty-eight may have been lost due to a problem during publication.

Similarly, the expression Pau, Nay, Loron —often interpreted as an anagram of "Napaulon Roy"—refers to three towns in southwestern France near his one-time home. The other family members followed in his footsteps and converted, as well, to Roman Catholicism, abandoned their Jewish names, and took the surname "de Nostredame". The earliest ancestor in Michel's father's line is identified as Astruge of Carcassonne.

Astruge died around Michel's known siblings include Delphine de Nostredame year of birth unknown; and year of death unknownJean I born in approximately ; and died inPierre year of birth unknown; and year of death unknownHector year of birth unknown; and year of death unknownLouis year of birth unknown; and year of death unknownBertrand born in ; and died inJean II born in ; and year of death unknownand Antoine born in ; and died in Other than this information, little is known about his childhood.

However, historical records show that Jean disappeared from records inin Michel's first year of life, making him still too little. This made some people to believe that Jean died shortly after disappearing from historical records. When he was 14, Nostradamus succesfully passed the test and was accepted to attend the University of Avignon.

In the university, he studied triviumrhetoricand logicrather than something more advanced. It was only later in time, that nostradamuses biography wikipedia had studies more advanced, such as quadriviumastronomyand astrology. He only studied in the university for more than one year, when the university closed due to a plague outbreak.

All of the inhabitants of Avignon were forced to leave. According to Nostradamus' journals, as a result of the plague outbreak, after he left Avignon, he escaped to the countryside for 8 years, where he worked as a medical researcher starting from Bywhen Nostradamus was already a apothecary for some years, he successfully passed the test and was accepted to enter the University of Montpelier to nostradamus biography wikipedia for a doctorate in medicine, but shortly after his attendance, he was expelled by the student procuratorGuillaume Rondeletwhen it was discovered he worked as a apothecary.

Back in the day, apothecaries were banned from attending universities in France because it was considered a "manual trade" and had been slandering physicians. InNostradamus published his first book of prophecies, "Les Propheties de M. Michel Nostradamus. Impressed by his gifts, they invited him to compose a personal horoscope. Despite initial apathy, Nostradamus noticed an year-old boy in the royal retinue and predicted his future reign as King Henry IV of France.

Over the years, Nostradamus's name became synonymous with prophecy. The true nature of Nostradamus's gift remains a mystery. Some dismiss his prophecies as mere chance or manipulation, while others believe he possessed a genuine ability to glimpse the future. However, Frontenac contended that those predictions were hidden, mixed, and not understandable before the events occurred.

His conclusions were based on a combination of several cryptographic methods, including a systematic alteration in the metrical order of quatrains ' texts. Flamen fidele coegi id vulgo a Kabalo opplevi in viva acta tam latenter densa ex HDMP fata hac cult sunt ob gratiae fidos Nostradamus fas obturavit a saxo. I had hidden it, in living documents Magical Actasthat are extremely condensed.

The facts of destiny are in this way obscured, using the "HDMP" [perhaps the number Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk.