Neil armstrong biography timeline projects

We copy you on the ground. You got a bunch of guys about to turn blue. We're breathing again. Thanks a lot. The flight plan called for a crew rest period before leaving the module, but Armstrong asked for this to be moved to earlier in the evening, Houston time. When he and Aldrin were ready to go outside, Eagle was depressurized, the hatch was opened, and Armstrong made his way down the ladder.

He turned and set his left boot on the lunar surface at UTC July 21,[ ] then said, "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind. Armstrong prepared his famous epigram on his own. Most people don't realize how difficult the mission was. So it didn't seem to me there was much point in thinking of something to say if we'd have to abort landing.

Recordings of Armstrong's transmission do not provide evidence for the indefinite article "a" before "man", though NASA and Armstrong insisted for years that static obscured it. Armstrong stated he would never make such a mistake, but after repeated listenings to recordings, he eventually conceded he must have dropped the "a". HansenArmstrong's authorized biographer, presented these findings to Armstrong and NASA representatives, who conducted their own analysis.

When Armstrong made his proclamation, Voice of America was rebroadcast live by the BBC and many other stations worldwide. An estimated million people viewed the event, [ ] 20 percent out of a world population of approximately 3. A: I mean, there isn't any way of my knowing. When I listen to the tape, I can't hear the 'a', but that doesn't mean it wasn't there, because that was the fastest VOX ever built.

There was no mike-switch — it was a voice-operated key or VOX. In a helmet you find you lose a lot of syllables. Sometimes a short syllable like 'a' might not be transmitted. However, when I listen to it, I can't hear it. But the 'a' is implied, so I'm happy if they just put it in parentheses. About 19 minutes after Armstrong's first step, Aldrin joined him on the surface, becoming the second human to walk on the Moon.

They began their tasks of investigating how easily a person could operate on the lunar surface. Armstrong unveiled a plaque commemorating the flight, and with Aldrin, planted the flag of the United States. Although Armstrong had wanted the flag to be draped on the flagpole, [ ] it was decided to use a metal rod to hold it horizontally. He spoke for about a minute, after which Armstrong responded for about thirty seconds.

The mission was planned to the minute, with the majority of photographic tasks performed by Armstrong with the single Hasselblad camera. After helping to set up the Early Apollo Scientific Experiment PackageArmstrong went for a walk to what is now known as East Crater, 65 yards 59 m east of the LM, the greatest distance traveled from the LM on the mission.

His final task was to remind Aldrin to leave a small package of memorial items to Soviet cosmonauts Yuri Gagarin and Vladimir Komarovand Apollo 1 astronauts Grissom, White and Chaffee. After they re-entered the LM, the hatch was closed and sealed. While preparing for liftoff, Armstrong and Aldrin discovered that, in their bulky space suits, they had broken the ignition switch for the ascent engine; using part of a pen, they pushed in the circuit breaker to start the launch sequence.

After being released from an day quarantine to ensure that they had not picked up any infections or diseases from the Moon, the crew was feted across the United States and around the world as part of a day "Giant Leap" tour. The tour began on August 13, when the three astronauts spoke and rode in ticker-tape parades in their honor in New York and Chicago, with an estimated six million attendees.

Armstrong was the first westerner to see the supersonic Tupolev Tu and was given a tour of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centerwhich he described as "a bit Victorian in nature". Shortly after Apollo 11, Armstrong stated that he did not plan to fly in space again. He took a heavy teaching load, taught core classes, and created two graduate-level classes: aircraft design and experimental flight mechanics.

He was considered a good teacher, and a tough grader. His research activities during this time did not involve his work at NASA, as he did not want to give the appearance of favoritism; he later regretted the decision. After teaching for eight years, Armstrong resigned in When the university changed from an independent municipal university to a state school, bureaucracy increased.

He did not want to be a part of the faculty collective bargaining group, so he decided to teach half-time. According to Armstrong, he had the same amount of work but received half his salary. Employees at the university did not know why he left. Inafter an explosion aboard Apollo 13 aborted its lunar landing, Armstrong was part of Edgar Cortright 's investigation of the mission.

He produced a detailed chronology of the flight. He determined that a volt thermostat switch in an oxygen tank, which was supposed to have been replaced with a volt version, led to the explosion. Many NASA managers, including Armstrong, opposed the recommendation, since only the thermostat switch had caused the problem. They lost the argument, and the tanks were redesigned.

Armstrong was made vice chairman of the commission and held private interviews with contacts he had developed over the years to help determine the cause of the disaster. He helped limit the committee's recommendations to nine, believing that if there neil armstrong biography timeline projects too many, NASA would not act on them. Armstrong was appointed to a fourteen-member commission by President Reagan to develop a plan for American civilian spaceflight in the 21st century.

Thomas O. Painewith whom Armstrong had worked during the Apollo program. The group published a book titled Pioneering the Space Frontier: The Report on the National Commission on Spacerecommending a permanent lunar base byand sending people to Mars by The recommendations were largely ignored, overshadowed by the Challenger disaster.

Armstrong and his wife attended the memorial service for the victims of the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster inat the invitation of President George W. The first company to successfully approach him was Chryslerfor whom he appeared in advertising starting in January Armstrong thought they had a strong engineering division, and they were in financial difficulty.

In addition to his duties as a spokesman, he also served on the board of directors of several companies. The first company board Armstrong joined was Gates Learjetchairing their technical committee. He flew their new and experimental jets and even set a climb and altitude record for business jets. They were interested in nuclear power and wanted to increase the company's technical competence.

He served on the board of Taft Broadcastingalso based in Cincinnati. Armstrong joined the board of solid rocket booster Thiokol inafter previously serving on the Rogers Commission which found that the Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed due to a defect in the Thiokol-manufactured solid rocket boosters. He served on additional aerospace boards, first United Airlines inand later Eaton Corporation in He chaired the board through the company's merger with EDO Corporationuntil his neil armstrong biography timeline projects in Inprofessional expedition leader Mike Dunn organized a trip to take men he deemed the "greatest explorers" to the North Pole.

They arrived at the Pole on April 6, He did not inform the media of the trip, preferring to keep it private. Armstrong's family described him as a "reluctant American hero". He was a humble person, and that's the way he remained after his lunar flight, as well as before. Michael Collins said in his book Carrying the Fire that when Armstrong moved to a dairy farm to become a college professor, it was like he "retreated to his castle and pulled up the drawbridge".

Armstrong found this amusing, and said, " Andrew Chaikin says in A Man on the Moon that Armstrong kept a low profile but was not a recluse, citing his participation in interviews, advertisements for Chrysler, and hosting a cable television series. Armstrong guarded the use of his name, image, and famous quote. When it was launched inMTV wanted to use his quote in its station identificationwith the American flag replaced with the MTV logo, but he refused the use of his voice and likeness.

The lawsuit was settled out of court for an undisclosed sum, which Armstrong donated to Purdue. For many years, he wrote letters congratulating new Eagle Scouts on their accomplishment, but decided to quit the practice in the s because he felt the letters should be written by people who knew the scout. Inhe received congratulation requests.

This contributed to the myth of his reclusiveness. Aroundhe found out his signatures were being sold online, and that most of them were forgeries, and stopped giving autographs. Armstrong was approached by groups from both the Democratic and Republican parties but declined the offers. He supported states' rights and opposed the U.

When Armstrong applied at a local Methodist church to lead a Boy Scout troop in the late s, he gave his religious affiliation as " deist ". Congress in which he thanked them for giving him the opportunity to see some of the "grandest views of the Creator". Indonesian singer Suhaemi wrote a song called "Gema Suara Adzan di Bulan" "The Resonant Sound of the Call to Prayer on the Moon" which described Armstrong's supposed conversion, and the song was widely discussed by Jakarta news outlets in In Marchthe U.

State Department responded by issuing a message to embassies and consulates in Muslim countries saying that Armstrong had not converted to Islam. Part of the confusion arose from the similarity between the names of the country of Lebanon, which has a majority Muslim population, and Armstrong's longtime residence in Lebanon, Ohio. He was made the first freeman of the burgh, and happily declared the town his home.

Armstrong flew light aircraft for pleasure. He enjoyed gliders and before the Moon flight had earned a gold badge with two diamonds from the International Gliding Commission. He continued to fly engineless aircraft well into his 70s. While working on his farm in NovemberArmstrong jumped off the back of his grain truck and caught his wedding ring in its wheel, tearing the tip off his left ring finger.

He collected the severed tip, packed it in ice, and had surgeons reattach it at a nearby hospital in Louisville, Kentucky. Armstrong and his first wife, Janet, separated in and divorced in after 38 years of marriage. She said little to Armstrong, but he called her two weeks later to ask what she was doing. She replied that she was cutting down a cherry tree, and he arrived at her house 35 minutes later to help.

They lived in Indian Hill, Ohio. In MayArmstrong became involved in a legal dispute with Mark Sizemore, his barber of 20 years. Sizemore, unable to retrieve the hair, donated the proceeds to charity. Armstrong's family released a statement describing him as a "reluctant American hero [who had] served his nation proudly, as a navy fighter pilot, test pilot, and astronaut While we mourn the loss of a very good man, we also celebrate his remarkable life and hope that it serves as an example to young people around the world to work hard to make their dreams come true, to be willing to explore and push the limits, and to selflessly serve a cause greater than themselves.

For those who may ask what they can do to honor Neil, we have a simple request. Honor his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink. Buzz Aldrin called Armstrong "a true American hero and the best pilot I ever knew", and said he was disappointed that they would not be able to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Moon landing together in A tribute was held for Armstrong on September 13, at Washington National Cathedralwhose Space Window depicts the Apollo 11 mission and holds a sliver of Moon rock amid its stained-glass panels.

In his eulogy, Charles Bolden praised Armstrong's "courage, grace, and humility". Cernan recalled Armstrong's low-fuel approach to the Moon: "When the gauge says empty, we all know there's a gallon or two left in the tank! Collins led prayers. David Scott spoke, possibly for the first time, about an incident during their Gemini 8 mission: minutes before the hatch was to be sealed, a small chip of dried glue fell into the latch of his harness and prevented it from being buckled, threatening to abort the mission.

Armstrong then called on Conrad to solve the problem, which he did, and the mission proceeded. Throughout his lifetime, Armstrong shunned publicity and rarely gave interviews. Mindful that Armstrong would have objected to a state funeral, his family opted to have a private funeral in Cincinnati. In Julyafter observations of the 50th anniversary of the Moon landing, The New York Times reported on details of a medical malpractice suit Armstrong's family had filed against Mercy Health—Fairfield Hospital, where he died.

When Armstrong appeared to be recovering from his bypass surgery, nurses removed the wires connected to his temporary pacemaker. He began to bleed internally and his blood pressure dropped. Doctors took him to the hospital's catheterization laboratory, and only later began operating. Two of the three physicians who reviewed the medical files during the lawsuit called this a serious error, saying surgery should have begun immediately; experts the Times talked to, while qualifying their judgement by noting that they were unable to review the specific records in the case, said that taking a patient directly to the operating room under those circumstances generally gave them the highest chance of survival.

Letters included with the 93 pages of documents sent to the Times by an unknown person [ ] show that his sons intimated to the hospital, through their lawyers, that they might discuss what happened to their father publicly at the 45th anniversary observances in The hospital, fearing the bad publicity that would result from being accused of negligently causing the death of a revered figure such as Armstrong, agreed to pay as long as the family never spoke about the suit or the settlement.

She reportedly felt that her husband would have been opposed to neil armstrong biography timeline projects legal action. When Pete Conrad of Apollo 12 became the third man to walk on the Moon, on November 19,his first words referenced Armstrong. The shorter of the two, when Conrad stepped from the LM onto the surface he proclaimed "Whoopie!

Man, that may have been a small one for Neil, but that's a long one for me. Robert H. Armstrong was elected as member into the National Academy of Engineering in for contributions to aerospace engineering, scientific knowledge, and exploration of the universe as an experimental test pilot and astronaut. Armstrong and his Apollo 11 crewmates were the recipients of the Langley Gold Medal from the Smithsonian Institution.

Hill Lifetime Space Achievement Award. Eisenhower on March 10,in a ceremony attended by Lovell and Cernan. The lunar crater Armstrong31 miles 50 km from the Apollo 11 landing site, and asteroid Armstrong are named in his honor. In October Purdue University named its new engineering building Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering ; [ ] the building was dedicated on October 27,during a ceremony at which Armstrong was joined by fourteen other Purdue astronauts.

Armstrong Flight Research Center in Delivered to the Navy on September 23,it is a modern oceanographic research platform supporting a wide range of activities by academic groups. Armstrongwas published in For many years, he turned down biography offers from authors such as Stephen Ambrose and James A. Michener but agreed to work with James R.

Hansen after reading one of Hansen's other biographies. In JulyArmstrong's sons put his collection of memorabilia up for sale, including his Boy Scout cap, and various flags and medals flown on his space missions.

Neil armstrong biography timeline projects

Armstrong donated his papers to Purdue. Along with posthumous donations by his widow Carol, the collection consists of over boxes of material. In Mayshe donated two byinch by mm pieces of fabric from the Wright Flyeralong with his correspondence related to them. In a Space Foundation survey, Armstrong was ranked as the number-one most popular space hero; [ ] and inFlying magazine ranked him number one on its list of 51 Heroes of Aviation.

Inhe said that a human mission to Mars would be easier than the lunar challenge of the s. Inhe made a rare public criticism of the decision to cancel the Ares I launch vehicle and the Constellation Moon landing program. Armstrong was named the class exemplar for the Class of at the U. Air Force Academy. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk.

Read View source View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikinews Wikiquote Wikidata item. American astronaut and lunar explorer — For other uses, see Neil Armstrong disambiguation. Wapakoneta, OhioU. Fairfield, OhioU. Janet Shearon. Total EVAs. Gemini 8 Apollo Main article: Gemini 8.

Main article: Gemini Main article: Apollo Problems playing this file? See media help. Q: Did you misspeak? A: There isn't any way of knowing. Q: Several sources say you did. OmniJunep. July 14, Retrieved July 13, July 20, Retrieved August 13, National Air and Space Museum. The Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved November 14, Retrieved September 4, CBC News.

May 24, Archived from the neil armstrong biography timeline projects on January 7, Retrieved April 8, Archived from the original on April 28, Retrieved May 12, If that date is correct, Neil was still only five when he experienced his first airplane ride, his sixth birthday not coming for ten more days. Also Read: Accomplishments of Neil Armstrong.

After his naval service, Armstrong pursued a career in experimental flight research. In this role, he was involved in testing and evaluating cutting-edge aircraft, including the X rocket plane, which reached altitudes near the edge of space. Armstrong and his fellow astronaut, David Scott, successfully docked their Gemini spacecraft with an unmanned Agena target vehicle.

However, the mission encountered a critical issue when a thruster malfunctioned, causing the Gemini spacecraft to spin uncontrollably. Armstrong served as the mission commander, with Aldrin as the lunar module pilot, and Collins as the command module pilot. After a journey of approximatelymiles, the spacecraft entered lunar orbit. Armstrong and Aldrin descended to the lunar surface in the Lunar Module, while Collins remained in orbit around the moon.

In one of his speeches inPresident Kennedy announced that they would land a man from USA on moon. And a new journey had begun - a journey that would redefine history. In SeptemberArmstrong became America's first nonmilitary astronaut. On March 15 that year he was enlisted in the six pilot-engineers who would fly the space plane once it was ready.

On April 20 that year, he met with an accident during his X flight. Somehow he managed to land safely. On May 21,Armstrong was a part of the "Nellis Affair". He was sent in a F to examine Delamar Lake, for emergency landings. Inhe was aboard Gemini 8. This was his first space flight. On July 20, they landed on the lunar surface. He set his left foot on the lunar surface at 2.

Armstrong stepped first, Aldrin followed, while Collins remained in orbit. He was an active member of the Boy Scouts and soon went up the rank to become Eagle Scout. A year later inhe enrolled himself at Purdue University to study aeronautical engineering. He was sponsored by the Holloway Plan, under which it was customary for him to serve three years of service in the U.

He was called for the service inwherein he was asked to report to Naval Air Station Pensacola for flight training. After about 18 months of rigorous training, he finally was qualified as a Naval Aviator on August After undertaking a few routine assignments, he saw first action in the Korean War in Augustwhen he flew as an escort for a photo reconnaissance plane over Songjin.

In his three years of Navy career, he flew 78 missions over Korea for a total of hours in the air. Naval Reserve, where he served for eight years before resigning in Re-joining university, he finally attained his graduation degree in However, due to no open positions, his application was forwarded to the Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory in Cleveland, where he began working.

He moved back to NACA after a couple of months. His first assignment was to pilot chase planes during releases of experimental aircraft from modified bombers. As a research pilot, he tested numerous high-speed aircraft, including the X, which could reach a top speed of 4, miles per hour. Overall, he flew about different models of aircrafts, including jets, rockets, helicopter and gliders.

Yearmarked his selection in the U. Two years later, he was chosen as part of the pilot consultant group for the X Dyna-Soar. Inhe finally made it in the top seven pilot engineers who would fly space plane. He became the first American civilian to travel in space.